Articles
Practical articles on GAFTA, FOSFA, LMAA, English law, charterparties, shipping and international trade.
Missing the time limit to start GAFTA or FOSFA arbitration means risking your entire claim — even when you are…
Rice that has comfortably passed quality control in the country of origin can turn out to be “unfit” in the…
Cargo has been discharged at the port of discharge without presentation of the original bill of lading — against the…
When a charterer fails to load the vessel fully — supplies less cargo than agreed, supplies it late so that…
Cotton is one of the most fragmented commodity markets in the world: thousands of ginners, hundreds of intermediate traders, and…
A CIF grain contract, shipment period: July. The vessel is brought alongside on 30 July, loading runs all night, and…
Legal costs in GAFTA and FOSFA arbitration are recoverable from the losing party, subject to certain conditions. The recovery regime…
The new edition of the FOSFA Rules of Arbitration and Appeal came into force on 1 April 2026. The amendments…
In an FOB contract on FOSFA or GAFTA forms, vessel nomination is not a formality but a key buyer’s obligation,…